You may use any resources at your disposal. List your sources at the end of each essay. Not all the answers to these questions are directly addressed in your text. Appropriately cite any sources if you are quoting or closely borrowing from an author’s text (physical or electronic). Suggested length is 2 or more pages per question (450 to 800 words).

1. Look at the rise of the Barbarian kingdoms and explain their place in the late ancientworld. Make sure to mention their interaction with the Byzantines and their adaptation ofChristianity (especially the heresies).

2. Write about the rise of the Frankish kingdom and its growth and achievements through the reign of Charlemagne.

3. Trace the early history of Islam including life in Arabia before the coming of the prophet Muhammad. How does the Ummah (Muslim community) grow and change in the decades following the Prophet’s death ?

4. Discuss the role of the Quran as both a religious and historical source (both in the medieval past and as it pertains today). What is the Hadith? Why is it important?

5. Write about the Sunni and Shia split along with significant developments with the rise of both the Umayyad and Abbasid Dynasties.

6. What was the Rule of Saint Benedict? Why was it important to Christianity? Who was St. Jerome? What were his contributions to Christianity in the West? Write about the importance of St. Augustine.

7. Write about the growth of the Byzantine Empire through the 600’s.
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