ou may use any resources at your disposal. List your sources at the end of each essay. Not all the answers to these questions are directly addressed in your text. Appropriately cite any sources if you are quoting or closely borrowing from an author’s text (physical or electronic). Suggested length is 2 or more pages per question (450 to 800 words).

1. Look at the place of monasticism in European society after 750 CE. Write about the important role of the Benedictines and the subsequent monastic reform groups like the Cistercians, Carthusians, Waldensians, Premonstratensians, etc.

2. Discuss some of the tensions between Church and State after 1000 CE. Make sure to cover topics such as Lay Investiture, Simony, Gregorian Reform, Concordat of Worms and Canon Law.

3. Write an essay about the origin of the Crusades. Trace the history through the first 3 Crusades and address the situation of Crusader Kingdoms and control of the holy places in Jerusalem.

4. Address the rise of the Germanic kingdom and its growth to a place of prominence. Look at several important German kings who rise to the role of Holy Roman Emperor.

5. Discuss the plight of Jews in both Christian and Muslim worlds 1000 – 1300.

6. Write about Scholasticism, Mysticism and the growth of the Mendicant Orders (Friars).
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